Using resources from a closely-related language to develop ASR for a very under-resourced language: a case study for iban

This paper presents our strategies for developing an automatic speech recognition system for Iban, an under-resourced language. We faced several challenges such as no pronunciation dictionary and lack of training material for building acoustic models. To overcome these problems, we proposed approaches which exploit resources from a closely-related language (Malay). We developed a semi-supervised method for building the pronunciation dictionary and applied cross-lingual strategies for improving acoustic models trained with very limited training data. Both approaches displayed very encouraging results, which show that data from a closely-related language, if available, can be exploited to build ASR for a new language. In the final part of the paper, we present a zero-shot ASR using Malay resources that can be used as an alternative method for transcribing Iban speech.